Grotrian Diagram Sodium. The book covers the first 15 elements according to their atomic number. The diagram shows the upper and lower terms of the sodium doublet as well as the fine structure and hyperfine structure hfs levels energy splittings not to scale.
The line at 5890 has twice the intensity of the line at 5896 nm. The transition between the 3s orbital and a p orbital can be realized by absorption of light of definite wavelength as illustrated in the partial term grotrian diagram of sodium shown in figure 1. The book covers the first 15 elements according to their atomic number.
For instance the 3s electron of a gas phase sodium atom might be promoted to the empty 4p state.
Taking the range from 400 700nm as the nominal visible. Under almost all conditions the strongest transition lines of na i by far are the 2 yellow ground state sodium d lines which constitute a doublet of lines with wavelengths λ588995 å and λ589592 å wiese et al. The sodium spectrum is dominated by the bright doublet known as the sodium d lines at 5889950 and 5895924 nanometers. The arrows represent series of energies wavenumbers for allowed discrete transitions of.